1 usage of water, 2 usage of water for washing

This chapter introduced you into the very important topic "water" and it`s meaning for washing. For laundering processes, water has to show a certain quality standard. Several ingredients of water may damage not only the textiles, but also the machines.
This topic is partly repeated and continued in module 6. In this chapter, water consumption is in the foreground.

Water supply can be municipal or self supplied from rivers, wells etc. One advantage of municipal supply is:
1. supply without risks
2. a special treatment is necessary
3. it contains high amounts of heavy metals
A big advantage of self supply is:
1. it is without risks
2. costs are lower
3. a special treatment is necessary
Water consumption of washing machines depends on the type of machine. The consumption of a washer extractor is:
1. lower than a tunnel washer`s consumption
2. at the same level as in a tunnel washer
3. at a higher level than in a tunnel washer
The specific water consumption (l/kg dry load) for washing hotel linen is in the range of:
1. 25 l/kg
2. 2,5l/kg
3. 8 l/kg
Water consumption during washing is affected by a lot of washing conditions. High water consumption is caused by:
1. high water hardness
2. long wash duration
3. load size and type of laundry
The highest water consumption during a washing program is needed for
1. rinsing
2. pre washing
3. main wash
The specific wash of PES/CO garments needs another total specific water consumption value than "normal" cotton. In comparison to normal cotton linen, the total specific water consumption values are ...
1. at the same range compared to cotton linen. The introduction sentence is not the case.
2. lower because of lower rinse water consumption
3. higher
Rinse efficiency is determined by water consumption. To reach good rinse performance with low water consumption the following rinse condition is recommended:
1. intermediate spin between the rinse baths
2. high water level during all rinses
3. low water temperature
Good rinse performance is reached by use of
1. a detergent with high alkalinity
2. high detergent dosage
3. hard water in the last rinse
To reach sufficient wash performance a certain water level during the main wash is needed. Water level (liquor ratio in l water per kg dry load) can be reduced, but should not be less than:
1. 3 to 4 l/ kg
2. 1 l/kg
3. 6 l/kg